Tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) is a magnetoresistive effect that occurs in a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ), which is a component consisting of two ferromagnets separated by a thin insulator.

The original design of Sony, Microsoft, and Nintendo game controllers utilizes traditional resistive film joystick technology, which operates with a constant power supply and a budget of approximately 1mA. In contrast, a single TMR sensor consumes 0.1–0.3mA, while linear Hall-effect sensors typically require 0.5–2mA. This significant power difference means Hall-effect sensors struggle to function adequately within the limited power constraints of legacy controllers.

Moreover, TMR sensors offer several key advantages:

2) No Circuit Modifications Needed: TMR sensors can be implemented as drop-in replacements for Hall-effect devices, simplifying the upgrade process.

3) Enhanced Performance: TMR technology provides high precision, drift-free operation, and robust temperature stability—critical factors for gaming controllers.

These benefits make TMR sensors the preferred choice for maintaining compatibility and performance when upgrading original game controllers.

Not necessarily. The resolution of these joysticks is primarily determined by the backend MCU's sampling precision, not the sensor type.

Both TMR and Hall-effect sensors are linear electromagnetic devices, and their performance characteristics (including resolution) remain consistent with original controllers after replacement.

While TMR sensors inherently consume less power, Hall-effect sensors can achieve comparable power efficiency (0.1–0.3mA) through advanced circuit design techniques. This means the power consumption difference between the two technologies may not drastically impact battery life, especially in controllers like GuliKit's KK2/KK3 that are optimized for Hall-effect operation.

No, the issue likely stems from the Switch Pro's unique calibration method. Unlike Microsoft/Sony controllers, the Switch Pro combines original and calibration parameters to form actual joystick values, requiring calibration/testing on the Switch console.

Most PC testing software calls only the original parameters, ignoring calibration values. This discrepancy can cause offset or limited range issues during PC testing. Since factory calibration parameters for original controllers are minimal, the problem may not be obvious. However, replacing the joystick often increases calibration values, exacerbating these issues